رﻧﮕﺮزی اﻟﻴﺎف ﭘﻠﻲآﻣﻴﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮاد رﻧﮕﺰای ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﮔﺮدو

رﻧﮕﺮزی اﻟﻴﺎف ﭘﻠﻲآﻣﻴﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮاد رﻧﮕﺰای ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﮔﺮدو
ﻟﻴﻼ ﻣﻴﺮﺣﺒﻴﺒﻲ ، ﻣﻮﺳﻲ ﺻﺎدﻗﻲ ﻛﻴﺎﺧﺎﻧﻲ ، ﺣﺠﺖ ﺧﺮاﻃﻲ ،ﻛﻤﺎلاﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻗﺮﻧﺠﻴﮓ

ﭼﻜﻴﺪه
ﮔﺮدو از ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎﻧﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ در اﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ دﻧﻴﺎ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ اﻳﺮان ﭘﺮورش ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ. اﻳﻦ ﮔﻴﺎه اﻛﺜﺮاً ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺧﺸﻜﺒﺎر ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮد. ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﺳﺒﺰ ﮔﺮدو در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً ﺑﺮای رﻧﮕﺮزی ﺧﺎﻣﻪ ﻗﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﻪ روش ﺳﻨﺘﻲ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮد. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻦ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﻮاد رﻧﮕﺰای دوﺳﺘﺪار ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺖ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﻮاد رﻧﮕﺰای ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ روش رﻧﮕﺮزی اﻟﻴﺎف ﭘﻠﻲآﻣﻴﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎده رﻧﮕﺰای ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﮔﺮدو ﻛﻪ ژوﮔﻼن ﻧﺎم دارد ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ و ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ اﻟﻴﺎف ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ رﻧﮕﺮزی ﺑﺎ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﮔﺮدو را دارﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از رﻧﮕﺮزی ﻧﺸﺎن دادﻧﺪ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﮔﺮدو ﻗﺎدر اﺳﺖ اﻟﻴﺎف ﭘﻠﻲآﻣﻴﺪ را ﺑﻪ ﻓﺎم ﻗﻬﻮهای رﻧﮕﺮزی ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ .
ﻛﻠﻤﺎت ﻛﻠﻴﺪی: اﻟﻴﺎف ﭘﻠﻲآﻣﻴﺪ، ژوﮔﻼن، رﻧﮕﺮزی، رﻧﮕﺰای ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ، ﻣﻮاد رﻧﮕﺰای ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﮔﺮدو

Influence of ultrasonic waves on processing of cotton with softe

Influence of ultrasonic waves on processing of cotton with softenerMazeyar Parvinzadeh*1, Amir Kiumarsi2, Mohammad Shaver3, Bashir Katozian1, Issa Ziadi1
, Saeed Ahmadi1

Abstract
In recent years, the textile industry must go towards developing new technologies to reduce energy and water consumption. The use of ultrasound in textile wet processing is one way for this purpose. The aim of this work was toinvestigate the effects of ultrasonic energy on processing of cotton with cationic softener. For this purpose, cotton fabric was treated with a cationic fatty acid amide derivative cationic softener in water using ultrasonic energy during treatment. Physical properties of the fabrics treated under different conditions are discussed. As the results show, treatment of fabrics with softeners in ultrasound bath is more effective compared to conventional method and it enhances physical properties of cotton.
 Keywords: Softener; Bending length; Ultrasonics; Cotton

Influence of ultrasonic waves on processing of cotton with softe

Influence of ultrasonic waves on processing of cotton with softenerMazeyar Parvinzadeh*1, Amir Kiumarsi2, Mohammad Shaver3, Bashir Katozian1, Issa Ziadi1
, Saeed Ahmadi1

Abstract
In recent years, the textile industry must go towards developing new technologies to reduce energy and water consumption. The use of ultrasound in textile wet processing is one way for this purpose. The aim of this work was toinvestigate the effects of ultrasonic energy on processing of cotton with cationic softener. For this purpose, cotton fabric was treated with a cationic fatty acid amide derivative cationic softener in water using ultrasonic energy during treatment. Physical properties of the fabrics treated under different conditions are discussed. As the results show, treatment of fabrics with softeners in ultrasound bath is more effective compared to conventional method and it enhances physical properties of cotton.
 Keywords: Softener; Bending length; Ultrasonics; Cotton

Subtilisin enzyme - an environmental friendly tool for biohydrol

Subtilisin enzyme - an environmental friendly tool for biohydrolysis of nylon 6 fiber
Mazeyar Parvinzadeh

Abstract
 Nowadays, textile processing based on biotechnology has gained importance in view of stringent environmental andindustrial safety conditions. The best established application of biotechnology to textiles is the use of enzymes. These vital parts of all living organisms are organic catalysts with specific in the reaction catalyzed and substrates selectivity. The main enzymes used in textile processing are amylases, cellulases, proteases, esterases, nitrilases, catalases, peroxidases, laccases and pectin-degrading enzymes. Many research papers have been published on surface hydrolysis of polyester using enzymes and its dyeing behavior but few of them have been reported on dyeing of hydrolyzed polyamide. Thus, in order to fulfill further studies in dyeing behavior of enzyme treated polyamide, the present research work focuses on the physical and chemical properties of acid and disperse dyed-protease treated nylon 6 fibers.
Keywords: Subtilisin; Nylon 6; Biohydrolysis; FTIR

ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ رﻳﺰ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﻫﺎی اﻟﻴﺎف ﭘﻠﻲ(اﺗﻴﻠﻦ ﺗﺮﻓﺘﺎﻻت) ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟی

ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ رﻳﺰ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﻫﺎی اﻟﻴﺎف ﭘﻠﻲ(اﺗﻴﻠﻦ ﺗﺮﻓﺘﺎﻻت) ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻲ وآﻧﺘﻲﭘﻴﻞ
 دﻛﺘﺮ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻣﺮﺷﺪ، دﻛﺘﺮ ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻲ ﻳﻮﺳﻔﻲ، دﻛﺘﺮ ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﻳﻲ T،اﺑﻮاﻟﻔﻀﻞ زارع ﻣﻬﺮﺟﺮدی

ﭼﻜﻴﺪه
ﭘﻠﻲ اﺗﻴﻠﻦ ﺗﺮﻓﺘﺎﻻت ﻳﻚ ﭘﻠﻲ اﺳﺘﺮ آروﻣﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮاص ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ و ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ.ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻟﻴﻒ و ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎت ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ دو ﻧﻮع ﻟﻴﻒ ﭘﻠﻲاﺗﻴﻠﻦ ﺗﺮﻓﺘﺎﻻت ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﻧﻮع آﻧﺘﻲ ﭘﻴﻞ و ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻲ ﻣﻮردﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮن ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت زﻳﺎدی ﺑﺮ روی اﻟﻴﺎف ﭘﻠﻲاﺳﺘﺮ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ وﻟﻲ ﻛﺎرﻫﺎی ﭼﻨﺪاﻧﻲ ﺑﺮ روی اﻟﻴﺎف ﭘﻠﻲاﺳﺘﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺻﻮرت ﻧﮕﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻟﻴﻒ , ﺗﻮﺳﻂ روشﻫﺎی ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت آﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ و ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ . ﺷﺪ اﺛﺮات ﻓﺮاﻳﻨﺪ ﻛﺸﺶ و ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ روی ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر اﻟﻴﺎف ﭘﻠﻲ اﺗﻴﻠﻦ ﺗﺮﻓﺘﺎﻻت ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روشﻫﺎی اﻧﺪازهﮔﻴﺮی ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺷﻜﺴﺖ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ و ﺗﺒﻠﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺷﺪ. رﻓﺘﺎر ﺗﺒﻠﻮر اﻟﻴﺎف ﭘﻠﻲ اﺗﻴﻠﻦ ﺗﺮﻓﺘﺎﻻت آراﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮاﺋﻂ آزاد ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روشﻫﺎی ﭘﺮاش ﭘﺮﺗﻮ اﻳﻜﺲ ﺑﺎ زاوﻳﻪ زﻳﺎد و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺳﺘﻮن ﮔﺮادﻳﺎن ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ و روش ﻃﻴﻒﺳﻨﺠﻲ ﻣﺎدون ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎ ﻳﺞ آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﺎت، ﺗﻔﺎوتﻫﺎی ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻲ را در رﻳﺰ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر دو ﻧﻮع ﻟﻴﻒ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲدﻫﻨﺪ. ﻧﻮع ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮع آﻧﺘﻲ ﭘﻴﻞ دارای ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﺑﻠﻮری ﺑﺰرگ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﻠﻮرﻫﺎی آن ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻮر ﻟﻴﻒ دارای ﺟﻬﺖ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﮕﻲ ﺑﻬﺘﺮی ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع، ﻣﻴﺰان ﺗﺒﻠﻮر درﻧﻮع ﻟﻴﻒ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻲ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ از ﻧﻮع آﻧﺘﻲ ﭘﻴﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻟﻴﻒ ﭘﻠﻲ اﺗﻴﻠﻦ ﺗﺮﻓﺘﺎﻻت ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮع آﻧﺘﻲ ﭘﻴﻞ دارای ﺧﻮاص ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﻫﻤﭽﻮن ﺗﻨﺎﺳﻴﺘﻲ و ﻣﺪول ﭘﺎرﮔﻲ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ و ازدﻳﺎد ﻃﻮل ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎرﮔﻲ ﻛﻤﺘﺮی ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ .
واژهﻫﺎی ﻛﻠﻴﺪی: ﭘﻠﻲ (اﺗﻴﻠﻦ ﺗﺮﻓﺘﺎﻻت)، رﻳﺰﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر، ﺗﺒﻠﻮر، آﻧﺘﻲﭘﻴﻞ

Experiment of Ark Shell (Arca) for Natural Mordant

Experiment of Ark Shell (Arca) for Natural Mordant Phongsri Rodphothong1
Phongsri Rodphothong, Uraiwan Paradee (Pitimaneeyakul)

Abstract
The objectives of this research were to develop natural mordant, Calcium Carbonate, from seashell (Blood Cockle, Arkshell or Arca) as raw material. After consuming the flesh, ark shell is waste. This natural mordant was developed for natural dyeing process. The study emphasized on effectiveness of Calcium Carbonate from ark shell for natural dyes. This research also involved the wash fastness and light fastness test. This research extracted the natural dye from theleaves of Malabar almond leaves (genus Terminalia), indigenous plant in Thailand, and the natural mordant from Arkshell. The mordant concentration was tested at 3 %, 5 %, 10 % to determine the effectiveness of wash-fastness andlightfastness, which use L*, a*, b*, C*, H*, dL*,da*, db*, dC*, dH*, and dE* as indicators. The results from this research presented that the natural mordant from ark shell responded well to the hue value but the different level of concentration did not result to color shades. The natural mordant did not show the differences in the wash-fastness but responded well to the light-fastness.
 Keywords: Natural dyes, Natural mordant, environmental-friendly dyeing.

روشﻫﺎی ﺳﻨﺘﺰ وﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﻧﺎﻧﻮذرات ﻧﻘﺮه درﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﺿﺪﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮی من

روشﻫﺎی ﺳﻨﺘﺰ و ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﻧﺎﻧﻮذرات ﻧﻘﺮه در ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﺿﺪﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮی ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺟﺎت
ﺳﻌﻴﺪ دادور، ﺳﻴﺪه اﻋﻈﻢ اوروﻣﺌﻲ،ﻋﻠﻲ ﺷﻤﺲ ﻧﺎﺗﺮی

ﭼﻜﻴﺪه
اﺧﻴﺮا ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت زﻳﺎدی در ﺧﺼﻮص ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮی ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺟﺎت ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻧﻮذرات ﻧﻘﺮه ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ روش ﺟﻬﺖ ﺳﻨﺘﺰ ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ذرات ﻧﻘﺮه اراﺋﻪ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪه اﺳﺖ. در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ روش ﺳﻨﺘﺰ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ذراتﻧﻘﺮه ﻣﻮردﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻗﺮار ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ اﺛﺮاﺑﻌﺎدﻧﺎﻧﻮذرات و pH ،دﻣﺎی ، زﻣﺎن ﺳﻨﺘﺰﺑﺮ ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺖ ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮی ﻧﺎﻧﻮذرات ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮدد. ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ آن، روﺷﻬﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ روﻛﺶ دﻫﻲ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺟﺎت از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺖ ﺿﺪﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮی ﭘﺎرﭼﻪﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪﻧﺪ.
واژهﻫﺎیﻛﻠﻴﺪی:روش ﺳﻨﺘﺰ، ﻧﺎﻧﻮذراتﻧﻘﺮه، ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﻧﺎﻧﻮ، ﺿﺪﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮی.

روﺷﻲ ﻧﻮﻳﻦ ﺟﻬﺖ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ اﺳﺘﺤﻜﺎم ﭘﺸﻢ ﺧﺎم و ﺧﻮدرﻧﮓ ﺳﻔﻴﺪﮔﺮ

روﺷﻲ ﻧﻮﻳﻦ ﺟﻬﺖ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ اﺳﺘﺤﻜﺎم ﭘﺸﻢ ﺧﺎم و ﺧﻮدرﻧﮓ ﺳﻔﻴﺪﮔﺮی
ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﺮاﻧﺲ ﮔﻠﻮﺗﺎﻣﻴﻨﺎز
ﻣﺠﻴﺪ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﺮ ، ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ داداﺷﻴﺎن ، اﻟﻤﻴﺮا ﭘﮋوﺗﻦ ، ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ ﻟﺴﺎن

ﭼﻜﻴﺪه

در اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ اﺑﺘﺪا ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﺳﻔﻴﺪﮔﺮی اﻛﺴﻴﺪاﺳﻴﻮﻧﻲ روی ﻧﺦ ﭘﺸﻤﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻪ رﻧﮓ زرد و ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﺑﻲرﻧﮓ ﻛﺮدن روی ﻧﺦ ﭘﺸﻤﻲ ﺧﻮد رﻧﮓ ﺑﻪ دو روش ﻳﻚ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪای و دو ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪای اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺮ روی ﻧﺦﻫﺎی ﭘﺸﻤﻲ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ ﮔﺮی و ﺑﻲرﻧﮓ ﺷﺪه ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت آﻧﺰﻳﻤﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ %20 وزﻧﻲ از آﻧﺰﻳﻢ ﺗﺮاﻧﺲﮔﻠﻮﺗﺎﻣﻴﻨﺎز در زﻣﺎن ﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ 45 و 60 دﻗﻴﻘﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ هاﺳﺖ و ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎت ﻧﺦ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺷﺪه ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اﺳﺘﺤﻜﺎم، رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻣﺤﺘﻮی، درﺻﺪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ وزن، روﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ، ﺣﻼﻟﻴﺖ ﻗﻠﻴﺎﻳﻲ و... ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪاﺳﺖ .ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﺳﻔﻴﺪﮔﺮی و ﺑﻲرﻧﮓ ﻛﺮدن ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﻜﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﺪن ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪﻫﺎی ﭘﭙﺘﻴﺪی ﻣﻮﺟﻮد درﻧﺦ ﻫﺎی ﭘﺸﻤﻲ و اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﺣﻼﻟﻴﺖ ﻗﻠﻴﺎﻳﻲ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد. ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت آﻧﺰﻳﻤﻲ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ اﻳﺠﺎد ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪﻫﺎی ﻋﺮﺿﻲ در ﭘﺸﻢ آﺳﻴﺐ وارده را ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪی ﺟﺒﺮان ﻧﻤﻮده و ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺣﻼﻟﻴﺖ ﻗﻠﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ . ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲدﻫﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت آﻧﺰﻳﻤﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ 20 % آﻧﺰﻳﻢ روی ﻧﺦ ﭘﺸﻤﻲ ﺳﻔﻴﺪﮔﺮی ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 45 دﻗﻴﻘﻪ در ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ 60دﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ اﺳﺖ زﻳﺮا در اﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ اﺳﺘﺤﻜﺎم ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ، ﻛﺎﻫﺶ %C.V ﻗﻄﺮ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﻣﻲآﻳﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ اﻧﺠﺎم ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت آﻧﺰﻳﻤﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ20 % آﻧﺰﻳﻢ روی ﭘﺸﻢ ﺑﻲرﻧﮓ ﺷﺪه ، ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 60 دﻗﻴﻘﻪ در ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ 45 دﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐﺗﺮ اﺳﺖ زﻳﺮا ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺷﺮاﻳﻄﻲ در ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎی ﻋﻤﻞ ﺷﺪه ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ اﺳﺘﺤﻜﺎم ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ، رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻣﺤﺘﻮی ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ، ﺣﻼﻟﻴﺖ ﻗﻠﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ و ﻛﺎﻫﺶ %C.V ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد .
واژهﻫﺎی ﻛﻠﻴﺪی: ﭘﺸﻢ، ﺳﻔﻴﺪﮔﺮی، ﺑﻲ رﻧﮓ ﻛﺮدن، آﻧﺰﻳﻢ ﺗﺮاﻧﺲ ﮔﻠﻮﺗﺎﻣﻴﻨﺎز