ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎت اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ و ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﭘﺎرﭼﻪ ﻫﺎی ﺣﻠﻘﻮی ﺑﺎﻓ

ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎت اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ و ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﭘﺎرﭼﻪ ﻫﺎی ﺣﻠﻘﻮی ﺑﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﺳﻴﻢ ﻓﻴﻼﻣﻨﺘﻲ ﻓﻠﺰی
 اﻧﺴﻴﻪ ﺣﺎﺟﺐ ، رﻫﺎ ﭘﻮرﺑﺎﻗﻲ ، ﭘﺪرام ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪی

ﭼﻜﻴﺪه
ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﺴﺎﺟﻲ اﻣﺮوزه ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮی ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺟﺎﺗﻲ ﭘﻴﺶ ﻣﻲ رود ﻛﻪ ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدﻫﺎی ﻣﻌﻤﻮل ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺣﺴﮕﺮ و ﻋﻤﻠﮕﺮ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎ در ﺳﺮﻣﺎ و ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻜﺲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ از آﻧﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﭘﺎرﭼﻪ ﻫﺎی ﺣﻠﻘﻮی ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﮔﺴﺘﺮده ای در ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﭘﻮﺷﺎک اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ اﻣﺮوزه در زﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﭘﺎرﭼﻪ ﻫﺎی رﺳﺎﻧﺎ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ . در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎت اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ و ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﭘﺎرﭼﻪ ﻫﺎی ﺣﻠﻘﻮی ﺑﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﺳﻴﻢ ﻓﻴﻼﻣﻨﺘﻲ ﻓﻠﺰی ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﺑﺮای اﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ از ﭼﻨﺪ ﻧﻮع ﻃﺮح ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻮرد آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ و راﺑﻄﻪ ی ﺑﻴﻦ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ – زﻣﺎن، دﻣﺎ – زﻣﺎن، ﺟﺮﻳﺎن اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ - ﻧﻴﺮو و ﺟﺮﻳﺎن اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ - ﻛﺸﺶ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺬﺷﺖ زﻣﺎن، دﻣﺎی اﻧﺪازه ﮔﻴﺮی ﺷﺪه اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻣﻲ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻓﺸﺎر، ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ را ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ داﺷﺖ. در ﻣﻮرد اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻛﺸﺶ روﻧﺪ ﺧﺎﺻﻲ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻧﺸﺪ .
واژهﻫﺎی ﻛﻠﻴﺪی : ﭘﺎرﭼﻪ ﻫﺎی ﺣﻠﻘﻮی، ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎت اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ و ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ، ﺳﻴﻢ ﻓﻠﺰی

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bitumen Reinforced with Po

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bitumen Reinforced with Poly Propylene Fibers
Sayyed MAHDI Abtahi, Mohammad Sheikhzadeh, Reza Alipour ،and Sayyed MAHDI Hejazi

Abstract
 Asphalt Concrete (AC), a mixture of bitumen and aggregates, is a sensitive structure compared with other civil configurations. So, Scientists and engineers are constantly trying to improve the performance of asphalt pavements. Modification of the asphalt binder, bitumen, is one approach taken to improve pavement performance. In this paper, the importance of fiber reinforced bitumen structures, especially in pavement engineering, was explained. In this way, Polypropylene (PP) fiber modified bitumen samples were fabricated with different conditions included: three percentages of PP fibers (0.25, 0.5 and 1 by the total weight of the mixture), two types of bitumen i.e. 60/70 and 85/100, mixing temperatures of 135 and 165 0C, and finally the lengths of 6 and 12 mm. The tests comprised ductility, penetration and softening point. Wholly and by the experimental results, it was found that fiber reinforced bitumen structures show less susceptibility to temperature, by increasing softening point, and daily traffic load, by decreasing penetration and ductility compared with the neat (unmodified) bitumen.
Keywords: Bitumen, Reinforcement, Poly Propylene Fibres, and Ductility.

ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎی ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎری و ﺑﻌﺪ ﺳﻮم ﺑﺮ ﺟﺬب ﺻﻮت در

ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎی ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎری و ﺑﻌﺪ ﺳﻮم ﺑﺮ ﺟﺬب ﺻﻮت در ﭘﺎرﭼﻪﻫﺎی ﺣﻠﻘﻮی ﭘﻮدی
ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﺣﺴﻨﻲ ، ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ذرهﺑﻴﻨﻲ  ، ﻣﻬﺮﻧﻮش ﻛﻴﺎﻣﻬﺮ

ﭼﻜﻴﺪه
در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ، ﺧﻮاص ﺟﺬب ﺻﻮت ﭘﺎرﭼﻪﻫﺎی ﺣﻠﻘﻮی ﭘﻮ دی در ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﺴﻄﺢ و ﺳﻪ ﺑﻌﺪی ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻟﻮﻟﻪی اﻣﭙﺪاﻧﺲ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﺴﻄﺢ ﺟﺬب ﺻﻮت ﺑﺎﻓﺖﻫﺎی ﻳﻜﺮوﺳﻴﻠﻨﺪر ﺳﺎده، ﻛﺮاس ﺗﺎک دوﺑﻞ و ﻛﺮاس ﻣﻴﺲ دوﺑﻞ و ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﻓﺖﻫﺎی دوروﺳﻴﻠﻨﺪر رﻳﺐ و اﻳﻨﺘﺮﻻک ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ و ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ اﺛﺮ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎی ﻣﻮاد اوﻟﻴﻪ، ﻧﻤﺮهی ﻧﺦ وﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ﺣﻠﻘﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺷﺪ . ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺬﻛﻮر ﺑﺮ ﺟﺬب ﺻﻮت ﭘﺎرﭼﻪ ﻫﺎی ﺣﻠﻘﻮی ﭘﻮدی اﺳﺖ . ﺑﻄﻮر ﻛﻠﻲ ﭘﺎرﭼﻪﻫﺎی دوروﺳﻴﻠﻨﺪر ﺟﺬب ﺻﻮت ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮی را ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎرﭼﻪ ﻫﺎی ﻳﻜﺮوﺳﻴﻠﻨﺪر از ﺧﻮد ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﻨﺪ . اﺳﺖ ﺑﺮای ﺳﻪ ﺑﻌﺪی ﻛﺮدن ﭘﺎرﭼﻪﻫﺎی ﺣﻠﻘﻮی ﭘﻮدی ﻧﻴﺰ از روش ﺗﺮﻣﻮﻓﻮرﻣﻴﻨﮓ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﺑﺮ آن دﻻﻟﺖ دارد ﻛﻪ ﺳﻪ ﺑﻌﺪی ﻛﺮدن ﭘﺎرﭼﻪﻫﺎ در ﻛﻞ ﺳﺒﺐ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺟﺬب ﺻﻮت ﭘﺎرﭼﻪﻫﺎ در ﺗﻤﺎم ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲﻫﺎ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد .
واژه ﻫﺎی ﻛﻠﻴﺪی: ﭘﺎرﭼﻪ ﻫﺎی ﺣﻠﻘﻮی ﭘﻮدی، ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺟﺬب ﺻﻮت، ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻫﺎی ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎری

Using Textile Fibers as Soil Stabilizers New Achievements

Using Textile Fibers as Soil Stabilizers New Achievements
Seyed Mehdi Abtahi, Neshat Okhovat, Sayyed Mahdi Hejazi

Abstract Techniques of improvement and treatment of the physical and engineering properties of soils which are used for embankments, base, sub-base, roadbeds and also for the upper layers of roads are called soil stabilization or soil reinforcement. A physical method of such improvement is the inclusion of oriented or randomly distributed discrete elements such as fibers. However, randomly distributed fiber-reinforced soils have recently attracted increasing attention in geotechnical engineering for the second time. Although the behavior of fiber reinforced composites has been extensively discussed by several investigators, however, very limited information has been reported on the use of randomly distributed discrete fibers for soil reinforcement. It is important to know that, only recently, the natural fibers have been tried in the field of soil projects. Consequently the aim of this paper is to investigate why, how, when and which fibers are used in soil reinforcement projects. In addition, the problems of sample preparation and water absorbance, in the case of natural fibers, will be discussed. As a final point, a generalization of short staple fiber composite theory and/or slippage theory will be conducted into the
experimental results of fiber reinforced soil derived from some investigational projects. Keywords: Fiber reinforcement, soil stabilization, natural fibers, synthetic fibers

اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻳﻚ ﻣﺎده ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻓﺎز دﻫﻨﺪه ﻏﻴﺮ آﻟﻲ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﭘﺎ

اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻳﻚ ﻣﺎده ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻓﺎز دﻫﻨﺪه ﻏﻴﺮ آﻟﻲ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﭘﺎرﭼﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﺘﻌﺎدلﺳﺎزی ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ
 ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺖ ﻛﻴﺶ ، ﻓﺮزاد ﻣﺤﺪث

ﭼﻜﻴﺪه
ﮐﻠﺮیﺪ ﮐﻠﺴیﻢ ﺷﺶ ﺁﺑﻪ (CaCl2.6H2O) ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻠیﺖ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﺩﻟﺴﺎﺯﯼ ﮔﺮﻣﺎیﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ یﮏ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺗﻐییﺮ
١ ﻓﺎﺯ ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ
(PCM) ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺷﺪ. ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍیﻦ ﺗﺤﻘیﻖ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﯽ ﺧﺼﻮﺻیﺎﺕ ﮔﺮﻣﺎیﯽ ﭘﺎﺭﭼﻪﻫﺎﯼ
ﭘﻠﯽﺍﺳﺘﺮﯼ ﺣﺎﻭﯼ یﮏ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺗﻐییﺮ ﻓﺎﺯ ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﻏیﺮ ﺁﻟﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﮐﻠﺮیﺪ ﮐﻠﺴیﻢ ﺷﺶ ﺁﺑﻪ ﺑﻮﺩ. ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺗﻐییﺮ
ﻓﺎﺯ ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻃﯽ ﺩﻭ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﺭﭼﻪ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﮔﺮﺩیﺪ: ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ، ﺁﻏﺸﺘﻪﺳﺎﺯﯼ ﻭ ﺍﺷﺒﺎﻉ ﭘﺎﺭﭼﻪ ﭘﻠﯽ-
ﺍﺳﺘﺮﯼ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺁﺑﮑﯽ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺗﻐییﺮ ﻓﺎﺯ ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﭘﺎﺭﭼﻪ ﭘﻠﯽﺍﺳﺘﺮﯼ ﺣﺎﻭﯼ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ
ﺗﻐییﺮ ﻓﺎﺯ ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺍﺗﺎﻗﮏ ﺳﺮﺩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ. ﻧﺘیﺠﻪ ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺗﻮﻟیﺪ ﺑﻠﻮﺭﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﻠﺮیﺪ ﮐﻠﺴیﻢ ﺷﺶ ﺁﺑﻪ
٢ ﺑیﻦ ﺍﻟیﺎﻑ ﻭ ﻧﺴﻮﺝ ﭘﺎﺭﭼﻪ ﭘﻠﯽﺍﺳﺘﺮﯼ ﺑﻮﺩ. ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﺭﺍیﺎﻧﻪﺍﯼ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺩﻣﺎ
، ﻧﺮﺥ ﺗﻐییﺮﺍﺕ ﺩﻣﺎیﯽ ﺩﺭ
o ﻃﻮﻝ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﻣﺤیﻄﯽ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ
۶۰ C ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﭘﻨﺞ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺁﺯﻣﺎیﺸﯽ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔیﺮﯼ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ
: ﺍﺯ ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭ ﺩﻣﺎیﯽ، ﭘﺎﺭﭼﻪ ﭘﻠﯽﺍﺳﺘﺮﯼ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ، ﭘﺎﺭﭼﻪ ﭘﻠﯽﺍﺳﺘﺮﯼ ﺣﺎﻭﯼ ﺍﺷﺒﺎﻉ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺁﺑﮑﯽ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺗﻐییﺮ ﻓﺎﺯ ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ، ﭘﺎﺭﭼﻪ ﭘﻠﯽﺍﺳﺘﺮﯼ ﺣﺎﻭﯼ ﺑﻠﻮﺭﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﻠﺮیﺪ ﮐﻠﺴیﻢ ﺑﯽ ﺁﺏ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺭﭼﻪ ﭘﻠﯽﺍﺳﺘﺮﯼ ﺣﺎﻭﯼ ﺑﻠﻮﺭﻫﺎﯼ  ﮐﻠﺮیﺪ ﮐﻠﺴیﻢ ﺷﺶ ﺁﺑﻪ. ﻗﺎﺑﻠیﺖ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﺩﻟﺴﺎﺯﯼ ﮔﺮﻣﺎیﯽ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺳﺮﻣﺎیﺶ ﻧیﻮﺗﻮﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎﯼ ﺁﺯﻣﺎیﺸﯽ ﺍﺭﺯیﺎﺑﯽ ﺷﺪ. ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎیﺖ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﭘﻮیﺸﯽ ﺗﻔﺎﺿﻠﯽ (DSC) ﻗﺎﺑﻠیﺖ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﺩﻟﺴﺎﺯﯼ ﮔﺮﻣﺎیی ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺩﻭ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﭘﺎﺭﭼﻪ ﭘﻠﯽﺍﺳﺘﺮﯼ ﺣﺎﻭﯼ ﺑﻠﻮﺭﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﻠﺮیﺪ ﮐﻠﺴیﻢ ﺷﺶ ﺁﺑﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻠﻮﺭﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﻠﺮید کلسیم ﺷﺶ ﺁﺑﻪ ﺁﺷﮑﺎﺭ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ .
واژهﻫﺎی ﻛﻠﻴﺪی: ﻣﻮاد ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻓﺎز دﻫﻨﺪه ﻏﻴﺮ آﻟﻲ، ﭘﺎرﭼﻪ ﭘﻠﻲ اﺳﺘﺮی، ﻛﻠﺮﻳﺪ ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ 6 آﺑﻪ، ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺳﻨﺠﻲ ﭘﻮﻳﺸﻲ ﺗﻔﺎﺿﻠﻲ، ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻧﻴﻮﺗﻮن

ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﻟﻴﺎف ﭘﻠﻲﭘﺮوﭘﻴﻠﻦ در اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﺧﻮ

ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﻟﻴﺎف ﭘﻠﻲﭘﺮوﭘﻴﻠﻦ در اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﺧﻮاص ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ و دوام ﺑﺘﻦ
روحاﷲ ﺑﺎﻗﺮزاده، ﻣﺴﻌﻮد ﻟﻄﻴﻔﻲ، ﺳﻌﻴﺪ ﺷﻴﺦزاده ﻧﺠﺎر

ﭼﻜﻴﺪه
اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﻟﻴﺎف ﭘﻠﻲﭘﺮوﭘﻴﻠﻦ در اﻧﻮاع ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﺑﺘﻨﻲ و ﺳﻴﻤﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺧﻮاص ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ و ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎی دوام ﺑﺘﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻳﻚ راهﺣﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ و ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ و ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻣﺤﻘﻘﻴﻦ زﻳﺎدی ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. در اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﻟﻴﺎف ﭘﻠﻲﭘﺮوﭘﻴﻠﻦ ﺑﺎ ﻃﻮﻟﻬﺎ و درﺻﺪﻫﺎی وزﻧﻲ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺮ ﺧﻮاص ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺑﺘﻦ ﻣﻮرد ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ .ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﺎت ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲدﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ اﻓﺰودن اﻟﻴﺎف ﭘﻠﻲ ﭘﺮوﭘﻴﻠﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺘﻦ، ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪای ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل و ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺷﺪﮔﻲ ﺑﺘﻦ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻃﻮل ﺑﻪ ﻗﻄﺮ اﻟﻴﺎف ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﻳﻲ اﻟﻴﺎف در ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺗﺮک ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ. در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ ﻣﻌﻴﻦ از اﻟﻴﺎف در ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﺑﺘﻦ ﻧﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺧﻮاص ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺑﺘﻦ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻧﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﻧﺨﻮاﻫﺪ ﮔﺬاﺷﺖ، ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ از اﻳﻦ ﺧﻮاص ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﻃﺎﻗﺖ ﺧﻤﺸﻲ و اﻧﺪﻳﺲﻫﺎی ﻃﺎﻗﺖ ﺑﺘﻦ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد .
واژه ﻫﺎی ﻛﻠﻴﺪی بتن اﻟﻴﺎﻓﻲ، اﻟﻴﺎف ﭘﻠﻲﭘﺮوﭘﻴﻠﻦ، آﺑﺮﻓﺘﮕﻲ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚ ﺑﺘﻦ، ﺧﻮاص ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ

Performance Evaluation of Flexible Strain Gauge Sensors

Performance Evaluation of Flexible Strain Gauge Sensors
 M.Rashidi،V.Mottaghitalab, A.K.Haghi

Abstract
This paper describes development and characterization of fabric strain gauge sensors. In order to production of sensing
fabrics with suitable specifications, detection of the best kind and value of dopant agent using in polymerization reaction
have been performed.The composite smart products were prepared with coating process of electroactive material (Polypyrrole) on Lycra/Polyester fabric through in-situ deposiyion.Critical properties for characterize commercial strain
gauges such as sensitivity, response time and linearity percent were extracted by processing of raw data obtained from
smart motor system. A range of electrical conductivity between 2.2×10 -5
to 1.1×10 -2 S/cm have been measured. According to results the maximum value of gauge factor and linearity percent belong to the samples with the highest electrical conductivity, but
the best linearity percent equal to 93% belong to the samples that coating process of conductive particles on their surface have performed with no disturbance.
Keywords: Fabric sensor. Biomechanical.Dopant..Conducting polymers.

ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ وزن ﺑﺮ ﺧﻮاص اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﻧﺦﻫﺎی ﭘﻠﻲاﺳﺘﺮ

ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ وزن ﺑﺮ ﺧﻮاص اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﻧﺦﻫﺎی ﭘﻠﻲاﺳﺘﺮ ﭘﻮﺷﺶداده ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ﭘﻠﻲﭘﻴﺮول
 ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﻳﻲ ، ﻓﺎﺋﻀﻪ ﻓﺎﺿﻠﻲ، ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ذرهﺑﻴﻨﻲ

ﭼﻜﻴﺪه
در اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺧﻮاص اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﻧﺦﻫﺎی ﭘﻠﻲاﺳﺘﺮ (ﻛﺎﻫﺶ وزندادهﺷﺪه) ﭘﻮﺷﺶدادهﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ﭘﻠﻴﻤﺮ ﭘﻠﻲﭘﻴﺮول ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ . ﺑﻪ دﻟﻴﻞ اﺳﺘﺤﻜﺎم ﻛﻢ اﻟﻴﺎف ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺷﺪه از ﭘﻠﻴﻤﺮﻫﺎی رﺳﺎﻧﺎ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺑﻮدن ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ، ﭘﻮﺷﺶدﻫﻲ اﻟﻴﺎف ﻣﺘﺪاول ﻧﺴﺎﺟﻲ ﺑﺎ اﻳﻦ ﭘﻠﻴﻤﺮﻫﺎ، ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان روﺷﻲ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﺑﺮای ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻴﺎف و ﻻﻳﻪﻫﺎی رﺳﺎﻧﺎ، ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ . ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر، ﭘﻠﻴﻤﺮ رﺳﺎﻧﺎ روی اﻟﻴﺎف ﻧﺴﺎﺟﻲ ﺳﻨﺘﺰ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ. در اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ، ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻧﺦﻫﺎی ﭘﻮﺷﺶدادهﺷﺪه در ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻧﺪازهﮔﻴﺮی ﺷﺪ . ﺑﻪ ﻋﻼوه اﺛﺮ ﻇﺮاﻓﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﭼﻨﺪﻻﻛﺮدن ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻧﺦ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲدﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺧﻮاص اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﻧﺦﻫﺎی ﭘﻮﺷﺶدادهﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ﭘﻠﻴﻤﺮ ﻫﺎدی ﭘﻠﻲﭘﻴﺮول، ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﻢﻫﺎی ﻓﻠـﺰی ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳـﺪ؛ ﺑـﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻛﻪ ﺑـﺎ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻃﻮل ﻧﻤﻮﻧـﻪ، ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ و ﺑـﺎ ﭼﻨﺪﻻﻛﺮدن ﻧﺦ، ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ. ﺑﻌﻼوه ﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ وزن ﭘﻠﻲاﺳﺘﺮ ﺗـﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﭼﺸﻢﮔﻴﺮی ﺑﺮ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻣﻘﺪار ﭘﻠﻴﻤﺮرﺳﺎﻧﺎی ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ روی ﺳﻄﺢ، دارد .
واژهﻫﺎی ﻛﻠﻴﺪی: اﻟﻴﺎف ﻧﺴﺎﺟﻲ، ﭘﻠﻲﭘﻴﺮول، ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ، ﺧﻮاص اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ

ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺛﺒﺎت ﺳﺎیشی و ﺷﺴﺘﺸﻮﻳﻲ ﭘﺎرﭼﻪ ﻫﺎ ی رﺳﺎﻧﺎ ی ﭘﻮﺷﺶ داد

ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺛﺒﺎت ﺳﺎ یشی و ﺷﺴﺘﺸﻮﻳﻲ ﭘﺎرﭼﻪ ﻫﺎ ی رﺳﺎﻧﺎ ی ﭘﻮﺷﺶ داده ﺷﺪه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ
ﻣﺲ از روش اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻟﺲ
وﺣﻴﺪ ﻣﺘﻘﻲ ﻃﻠﺐ،آرزو اﻓﻀﻠﻲ،ام ﻛﻠﺜﻮم اﻣﺎﻣﻘﻠﻲ ﭘﻮر، اﻛﺒﺮ ﺧﺪاﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﺣﻘﻲ

ﭼﻜﻴﺪه
ﺛﺒﺎت ﺳﺎ ﺸﻳ ﻲ و ﺷﺴﺘﺸﻮﻳﻲ ﭘﺎرﭼﻪ ﻫﺎ ی رﺳﺎﻧﺎ ی ﭘﻮﺷﺶ داده ﺷﺪه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺲ از روش اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻟﺲ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار  ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ . ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﭘﻮن ﻫﺎی ﻧﻴﻜﻞ ، ﺳﺮﻋﺖ رﺳﻮب اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﭘﻴﺪا ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ واﻓﺰودن ﭘﺘﺎﺳﻴﻢ ﻓﺮو ﺳﻴﺎﻧﻴﺪ در  ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ،ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺳﻄﺤﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد و رﻧﮓ رﺳﻮب از ﻗﻬﻮه ای ﺗﻴﺮه ﺑﻪ ﻗﻬﻮه ای روﺷﻦ در ﻣﻲ آﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺷﺪن ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎت ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ و اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﺳﻄﺢ اﺳﺖ. ﭘﺎرﭼﻪ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ داده ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ﻣﺲ دارای ﺛﺒﺎت ﺳﺎﻳﺸﻲ ﺧﺸﻚ وﺗﺮ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻲ اﺳﺖ و ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ از ﺗﺴﺖ ﻫﺎی ﺳﺎﻳﺸﻲ ﺧﺸﻚ و ﺗﺮ و ﺷﺴﺘﺸﻮﻳﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اﺻﻠﻲ (ﺑﺪون ﺗﺴﺖ ) ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺷﺪه و ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ آن ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ و ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺗﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻣﻘﺪار رﺳﺎﻧﺎﻳﻲ ﭘﺎرﭼﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺷﺪه و ﻣﻘﺪار ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺳﻄﺤﻲ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﭘﻴﺪا ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ .
واژهﻫﺎی ﻛﻠﻴﺪی: اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻟﺲ ﻣﺲ، ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ،ﭘﺎرﭼﻪ رﺳﺎﻧﺎ، اﻣﻮاج اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻲ

Pre-treated nanotextiles based sensing devices able to acquire b

Pre-treated nanotextiles based sensing devices able to acquire biomechanical signals

M.Rashidi1,V.Mottaghitalab, A.K.Haghi

Abstract

This paper focuses on development and characterization of fabric strain gauge sensors were used to detect biomechanical signals.Finally,sensing fabrics produced with suitable specifications in form smart textiles. The optimization of production process have performed with detection of the best pre-treatment conditions. The composite smart material and structures were prepared using Polypyrrole-1,5 naphthalene disulphonic acid as conductive electro active material on Lycra/Polyester fabric substrate through chemical oxidation deposition. Sensing fabric samples were characterized based on standard tests available for commercial strain gauges. Critical properties like sensitivity, response time and linearity were extracted according to raw data obtained from smart motor system. A range of electrical conductivity between 4.3×10-5 to 4.8×10-3 S/cm have been measured for samples prepared with different pre-treatment process. Results show that the samples have highest Gauge factor and lowest response time are the same as the samples with the maximum of electrical conductivity; and The Maximum value of linearity specifically was obtained for samples with homogenous distribution of nanoparticle entire fabric surface .

Keywords: Fabric sensor. Biomechanical.Pretreatment.Conducting polymers